Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often goes unnoticed until its advanced stages, contributing to the fact that only 10% of affected individuals are aware of their condition. To address this, it's crucial to recognize potential signs and undergo regular testing, especially for those at higher risk due to factors such as hypertension, diabetes, family history, or age over 60.
1- Fatigue and Lack of Energy:
A significant decline in kidney function leads to the accumulation of toxins, causing fatigue and weakness. Anemia, a common complication, can further contribute to feelings of exhaustion and difficulty concentrating.
2- Sleep Disturbances:
Impaired kidney function results in inadequate toxin removal, affecting sleep patterns. The association between obesity, sleep apnea, and chronic kidney disease adds complexity to sleep issues in affected individuals.
3- Dry and Itchy Skin:
Healthy kidneys perform various vital functions, including waste removal and mineral balance. Dry and itchy skin may indicate mineral and bone disease, which is common in advanced kidney disease when these regulatory functions are compromised.
4- Increased Urination:
Frequent urination, particularly at night, can signal kidney disease. Damaged kidney filters can increase the urge to urinate, although this symptom may also indicate other conditions, such as urinary infections or an enlarged prostate in men.
5- Blood in Urine:
Healthy kidneys retain blood cells while filtering waste. Blood in the urine suggests kidney filter damage, but it can also indicate tumors, kidney stones, or infections.
6- Foamy Urine:
Excessive bubbles in urine, reminiscent of scrambled eggs, indicate the presence of protein. This foaming, caused by protein leakage (albumin) into the urine, is an early sign of kidney filter damage.
7- Puffy Eyes:
Protein leakage in urine can lead to puffiness around the eyes. Instead of retaining essential proteins, damaged kidneys release them into the urine, contributing to swelling.
8- Swelling in Ankles and Feet:
Reduced kidney function can result in sodium retention, leading to swelling in the lower extremities. This symptom is not exclusive to kidney disease and may also be associated with heart disease, liver disease, or chronic leg vein problems.
9- Poor Appetite:
A general symptom but the buildup of toxins due to decreased kidney function can contribute to a loss of appetite.
10- Muscle Cramping:
Electrolyte imbalances stemming from impaired kidney function can lead to muscle cramps. For instance, low calcium levels and poorly controlled phosphorus may contribute to this discomfort.
In conclusion, It's essential to prioritize annual testing for those with risk factors and to seek medical attention if any of these symptoms are observed. In the next session, we will discuss the holistic approach of patients with chronic kidney diseases.
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